Window frame and sash.



vNoxfrisfs. PATBNTED MAR.8,1904.

A. K. LOVBLL.y

WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 131902.

WITNESSES:

PATENTED MAR K.' LOVELL.

WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 13. 1902.

I 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2..

' 'INVENTOR WITN ESSES 'ATTORNEY PATENTED MAR. 8

A. K. LOVELL. WINDOW FRAME AND SASH.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 13. 1902.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

N0 MODEL.

K WITNESSESI:

UNITED STATES l Patented March 8, 1904.

PATENT EEICE.

ALBERT K. LOVELL, QF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO GERHARD F. DROUVE, `OFBRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT.'

WINDOW FRAME AND sAsH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of" Letters Patent No. 753,893, dated March8, 1904.

Application ledAugust 13, 1902.

'To all whom it nfl/ay concern:

Be it known thatlI, ALBERT K. LovELL, a

-citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the countyof New York and State of New York, have invented certain new ,and usefulImprovements in Windowl Frames sash;` and it consists in providingmovable Vways engaging the sashes.

Vtogether with other new features relating to the sash and frame, willbe more particularly set forth in the following specification.

To enable others to understand my invention, reference is had totheaccompanying drawings, in which- Figure l represents a front elevationof a -single window and its frame, the sash adapted to be pivotally hungtherein.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation, partly in section, of the single window andframe. Fig. 3 is an enlarged broken sectional View of the ysingle-window-casing or frame and broken view!- of the sash partiallytilted on itspivotal support. Fig. 4'

is an enlarged broken sectional view of the window-sash and sectionalview of theframe .through line ce a of Fig. 1 showing the sashywaybrought against the sash. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4:,.showingthe sashway moved back so that the sash can be operated.

Fig. `6 is a front elevation of two sashes and frame.` Fig. 7 is asectional view of the .window-frame on line I) Fig. 6, showingthesashway and the pivotal pins on which` the sashes are supported.`Fig. 8 isan enlarged broken horizontal sectional view of .the twowindow-'sashes and sectional view of the window-frame for the sashes,showing the sash- Fig. 9 1s an enlarged broken sectional, view ofthe-singleseriai No. 119,542. (No modem' l window frame and4 sashway andoperatingshaft through line e of Fig. 5, showing the sash raised andtilted. Fig. 10 is a broken sectional view of the double-window sashwaysand frame therefor and pinions and pinion-shaft for operating thesashways. Fig. l1 is a side elevation of the single-window sash andsectional view of its frame through line d d of Fig. 1, showing acompre'ssible spring-tube at the top for keeping the sash hrm againstits sill. Fig. 12 is a broken side lelevation ofthe single-window sash,showing as a modification a metal vroll in place of the rubber tube.

`Its construction and operation are as follows:

In the several views the sashes and frames Iv are shown as beingconstructed of metal, al-

though the same principle of construction and operation can be appliedwith equally good effect where the said sashes and frames are made ofwood. As th ese two laterally-movable sashways, one on each side of thewindow-sash,

and the mechanism for operating them, to.

gether with the peculiar construction of the window casing or frame, areprecisely alike, a description of the construction and operation of oneside will answer for both. Beginning,

therefore, with the single window, the vertical locatedy the sashway.lThis-.sashway is preferably constructed of a single piece of metalformed as follows: 5 is` a circular tube or channel-way, thecontinuation of whose sides' form the angles 5 5b andlrearwardly-projecting Wings 5 5d, adapted to operatively engage theinner sides lb and 2b of the frame. VThe angular faces 5SL 5b register.with the. angular` faces 4 4b of the sash to prevent the tilting ofthesash on its pivotal pins 6 and 6.a, Fig. 2. These pins are inserted inthe thimbles 17 of the sash and project through thesopening orlongitudinal slot 8 into the interior of tube or channel-way 5. 9, Fig.9, is a sash-chain attached to these pins, passing over the pulleys 10and carrying the weights 11 at their free ends. The sashways extend, asbefore mentioned, the full length or practically the full length of theinside of the frame. They are operated to and from the sash through themedium of the handles 12 12, Fig. 1. These handles are attached to theouter ends of the shafts, of which the right-hand one, 13, is shown atFigs. 3, 4, and 5. This shaft is journaled in the sides of thewindow-frame and carries the pinion 14, adapted to engage with the rack15, attached to and projecting rearward from the central tubular portion5 of the sashway, so that by means of said handles the said sashways aremoved back, as shown at Figs. 3, 5, and 9, and when said 4sashways arethus moved back until clear of the angular recess in the edges of thesash said sash is free to be tilted on the pins 6 and 6, and when thustilted the sashv can be raisedlor lowered within the limit of the frameor be revolved for convenience in washing. As before mentioned, thesash, Fig. 9, is tilted and is carried while thus tilted nearly to thetop of the sashway. To close the window, the sash is lowered until thepins are vertically central with the sashway, when said sashways arecarried into the angular recesses of the sash. `This effectually securesthe window against rattling or being tilted except from the inside andthen only when the sashways are withdrawn. As the sashways are intendedto conform to the sash throughout the entire length of the sash and todo so whether said sash is vertically true or not, it is necessary thatthe sashways be so balancedh that either end is `free to move. Toaccomplish this, the longitudinal slot 16, Fig. 9, is formed in eachwing of the sashways and are adapted to embrace the operating-rods andbe supported thereon. In other words, the sashways are pivotallysupported on the operating-rods. This feature will not only keep thesashways clear of the lower part of the frame, but their weight on therods will prevent said rods springing, and thereby disturb theengagement of the pinions with their racks.

17, Figs. 2 and 3, are trusses connected to both the upper and lowerends of the sashways and are adapted thereby to counteract lateralstrain when said ways are brought firmly against the sash. As the saidsashways are operated at the center, one end is quite liable to advancetoward the sash faster than the other end. Therefore these trussesassist very materially in enabling the central strain of the rack andpinion to close the sashway against the sash and exert an equal pressurethroughout the entire length of the sash.

The double sashes 18 and 19, Fig. 6, are constructed and operatedsimilar to the single sashes just described, with the exception ofcertain minor details particularly adapted to double sashes. In thisconstruction both sashes have the usual vertical movement both ways,besides a tilting movement the same as the single sash. The sashways forboth the single and double windows extend, as before mentioned, the fulllength or practically the full length vof the frame. As the sashways forthe double windows are precisely like the sashways for the single windowand the sides of the frame also being similar except as to length, thesame figures of reference will answer for both; but to avoid confusionthe racks, pinions, and shafts will be designated by different figuresof reference.

The pinion-shafts 13 and 13 are, Fig. 6, preferably located midway ofthe frame and are provided at their outer ends with the handles 12 and12. Each of said shafts carries the two pinionsmviz., 14 and 14, (seeFig. 8,)-which is, of course, a duplicate construction of the oppositeside of the frame. These pinions operate in the racks 15 and 151. Asthere are only two operating-shafts, one on each side of the window andcarrying four pinions, two on each shaft, to operate the four sashways,it is necessary at times that all the pinions should be engaged by theshafts, and at other times only one set of pin ions are operated by theshafts. To accomplish this, (see Fig. 10,) the pinion-shifts areprovided with a longitudinal movement as follows: The shaft 13 isjournaled in the sides of the window-frame and also in open slots (notshown) in the wings of the sashway similar to what is shown anddescribed in the single-sash window. 13e and 13c are square places onthe shaft 13 and are adapted thereby to be freely engaged and disengagedwith square holes provided in the pinions 14 and 14, and these squaresare so arranged that one or both sets of sashways can be operated at atime. In the view shown the squares 13e 13c are engaging both pinions,and in this position the shaft will operate both sashways at the sametime, so that one or both sashes may be raised, lowered, or tilted. Theshaft is normally held in this position by means of the expansiblespring 30 in the thimble31,`pro jecting from the inside of the frame 2.When, therefore, the shaft is pushed in until the enlarged portion 13lbrings up against the flange 20, the square 13e will have passed out ofthe pinion 14, thus leaving such pinion idle, while the pinion 14b willoperate the sashways for the lower window-sash 19, so that when saidways are moved back this lower sash can be tilted on its pins, one ofwhich pins, 6, is shown at Fig. 7. When the shaft Ais withdrawn untilthe pin 21 brings up against the side 1 of the frame, the pinion 14"will be disengaged and the pinion 14 brought under control of said shaftto operate the sashways of the upper window-sash 18, so as to permitsaid window to be tilted on its pins 61. (Shown at Fig. 7.) The housings22 and 23, Figs. 8 and 10, are provided to maintain the verticalposition of the pinions when the square por- IOO IIO

IIS

I V. x

Ations ofthe shaft is withdrawn therefrom;

otherwise it would be diicult to reenter said squares. These housingsare shown attached to the inner sidesv lb and 2l of the frame and thesides of the filling-piece 24. As the frame for the double windows mustnecessarily be wider than for the single window, this rectangularlling-strip 24:, Fig. 8, isplaced between the two sashways, and theinner wings of said sashways operatively rest against said strip. Owingto the extra width of the double-window frame the backing-strip 3L must,of course, be made longer4 than the strip 3. (Shown at Figs. 4 and 5;)

It will of course be understood that the sashways for the double windowsare pivotallysupported on the pinion-shafts, and are also provided withtrusses similar to the sashways for the single window. In fact, asbefore mentioned, these double-window sashways are the counterpart ofthe sashways for the single window, except the double-operatingmechanism. In vthe ordinary single window adapted to tilt there is anoutside stop onthe casing for the upper-rail of the sash and an insidestop on the sill for the lower rail of the sash, and consequently thesash can only be tilted one way. In my improved construction ofthesingle window I have arranged for tilting the window both ways.

24, Fig. 1l, represents a round flexible tube secured in a semicircularrecess in the upper part 25 of the frame, the upper rail of the sashbeing grooved to fit said tube. The window-sill 26 is provided with theinside projection or stop 26, To open the window, the sashways are rstthrown back, as previously described, when an upward pre sure of theAsash will compress the tube 24 uiiicient to allow the lower rail of thesash to clear the stop 26. This will permit the sash to be tilted ineither direction, and when thus tilted it can be raised and lowered aspreviously set forth. This construction can be used to great advantageon windows that are horizontally swung on pivotal points located centralwith theupper and lower sash rails of the window. In the present styleof windows operating in this manner the stops at the top and bottom,which also serve as weather-strips, are broken in the center to permitthe sash to swing horizontally. This brokencondition leaves more or lessof an opening for wind, dust, or rain to enter. In my construction thewindow is fully protected both at the top and bottom. The constructionshown at Fig. l2 is similar, except that in place of a rubber tube themetal roll 27 is used, and the groove in the frame is elongated topermit said roll to be raised by-the sash in opening. This roll, as wellas the rubber tube previously described, will serve as a weather-stripfor the top of the sash.

. lWhile I show no means for keeping the sashways firm against the sides'of the sash,y

in case there should be any tendency of the former to work back it willbe understood that any well-known means maybe employed for this purpose.In the construction shown there is supposed to be suiiicient friction onthe pinion-shaft to keep the sashways in place. It will be understoodthat the sashways for the double windows can be brought firmly againstthe sashes, so as to lock them against being opened from the outside, orthey may be set back just far enough to allow the sashes to be raisedand lowered the same as ordinary sashes are raised and'lowered; but whenit is desired to tilt the sashes the sashways must be moved back farenough to clear the sashes.

While I show a movable sashway on each side of the sash, it willbeunderstood that one side may be equipped the saine as an ordinary windowand a movable sashway on the opposite side. However, I prefer to use amovable sashway on each side of the sash.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l. In a window, the combination with the sash and frame, oflaterally-movable sashways, vertical grooves in the edgesof 'said sashadapted to be engaged by'the sashways, an operating-shaft in said frameand, carrying pinions, racks projecting from the sashways to be engagedby said pinions whereby said sashways are operated, for the purpose setforth. 2. In a window, the combination with the sash and frame, oflaterally-movable sash-v ways extending vertically the full length orpracticallythe full length of the inside ofthe frame, shafts carryingpinions and journaled yin the frame, racks projecting from the sash'-ways adapted to be engaged by said pinions, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a window, the combination with the sash and frame, oflaterally-movable sashways extending vertically the full length orpractically the full length of the inside of the frame, shafts carryingpinions, and journaled in the frame, racks projecting from the sashwaysadapted to be engaged by the pinions, a portion of said sashwaysembracing said shafts and fulcrumed thereon, for the purpose set forth.l

4f. In a window, the combination lwith the sash and frame, of asashway,the central portion tubular and having aV longitudinal opening in oneside, and rearwardly-projecting wings, .for the purpose set forth. A

5. The herein-described sashway made of a IIO single piece of suitablematerial, the central c. ni a Window, the combination with the sash andframe, of laterally movable sash- Ways extending vertically the fulllength or practically the full length of the inside of the frame, saidsashways having a tubular central portion, a longitudinal opening orslot therein, an angular face on each side of said slot,rearwardly-projecting wings, the sash having angular faces adapted toreceive the angular faces of the sashways, pivotal pins projecting fromsaid sash into the tubular sashways and adapted to move up and down saidsashways, said sashways adapted to move laterally in the frame to andfrom the sash, shafts journaled in the frames and carrying pinionsadapted to engage racks projecting from the sashways to eifect suchmovement, for the purpose set forth.

7. In a window, the combination with the sash and frame, of laterallymovable sashways embraced by said frame and extending the full length orpractically the full length of the inside of the frame, the centralportion being tubular and having a slot in its face andrearwardly-projecting wings adapted to operatively engage the innerWalls of the frame, pinion-shafts journaled in the frame, racksprojecting from said sashways adapted to be engaged by said pinions, thewings of said sashways having longitudinal slots adapted to embraces'aid shafts and be fulcrumed thereon so as to practically sustain theweight of said sashways, each sashway provided with a trusssubstantially as shown, the edge of the sash provided with recessesadapted to receive the sashways, cords and Weights arrangedsubstantially as shown, all for the purpose set forth.

8. In a window provided with two or more pivotally-supported sashes, thecombination With the frame and sashes, of laterally-movable sashwaysprovided for each sash and embraced by the frame, and extending the fulllength or practically the full length of the inside of said frame, racksprojecting from said sashways, endwisemovable shafts in said frames,pinions thereon, said pinions adapted to engage said racks, whereby allof said sashways may be moved at once, or the sashways for any one ofthe sashes may be moved while the remaining sashways remain idle, forthe purposeV set forth.

9. In a Window provided with two or more pivotally supported sashesadapted to be raised and lowered while in a vertical position or whentilted, of laterally-movable sashways provided for each sash andembraced by the frame, and extending the full length or practically thefull length of the inside of the frame, shafts in said frame, meanssubstantially as shown on said shafts and sashways whereby said sashwaysare brought into engagement with the sashes to prevent their beingtilted, and moved therefrom to permit tilting, means whereby all of saidsashways can be operated at once or the sashways for a single sash maybe operated while the remaining sashways are idle, for the purpose setALBERT K. LOVELL.

Witnesses:

Gr. DRoUv, A. W. PECK.

